Hyperliquid L1 vs Stellar

Hyperliquid is a performance‑tuned Layer‑1 that employs HyperBFT consensus—an optimised HotStuff variant—to finalise blocks in 400 ms. Its on‑chain order book matches > 100k orders per second without gas, made possible by an in‑memory state machine replicated across 32 validators. Launched in April 2024, the chain settles $4‑6 billion daily volume in perpetual futures and supports CosmWasm smart contracts for third‑party dApps.

Stellar is a payments‑focused blockchain that uses the Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP), a federated Byzantine agreement where each node chooses its own quorum slices. Anchors issue fiat‑backed tokens, and Stellar’s built‑in DEX offers path payments that can hop through multiple assets in a single transaction. The 2023 Soroban upgrade added WebAssembly smart contracts, enabling on‑chain AMMs, lending and other DeFi primitives.