Alphabet Inc. (GOOGL) vs Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK)

Alphabet Inc. is a holding company that wholly owns Google, one of the world’s largest internet businesses. Based in California, the company generates just under 90% of its revenue from Google Services, with advertising sales representing the clear majority. In addition to digital advertising, Google Services includes revenue from subscription offerings such as YouTube TV and YouTube Music, platform sales and in-app purchases through the Play Store, and hardware products including Chromebooks, Pixel smartphones, and smart home devices like Chromecast. Google Cloud contributes about 10% of Alphabet’s total revenue. The remainder comes from investments in emerging technologies and businesses, including self-driving cars through Waymo, health initiatives via Verily, and internet access services such as Google Fiber.

Merck & Co., Inc. develops pharmaceutical products across multiple therapeutic areas, including cardiometabolic disorders, oncology, and infectious diseases. In cancer treatment, its immuno-oncology portfolio, led by Keytruda, represents a significant driver of total revenue. The company also maintains a strong vaccines business focused on preventing pediatric illnesses, alongside Gardasil for human papillomavirus. In addition, Merck markets animal health products. Geographically, 47% of the company’s sales come from its U.S. human health segment, which includes pharmaceuticals and vaccines.