Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) vs Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK)

Johnson & Johnson is the world’s largest and most diversified healthcare company. Its operations are organized into two segments: Innovative Medicine and MedTech, which together account for all revenue following the 2023 separation of its consumer health business, Kenvue. After restructurings completed in 2023 and 2024, the pharmaceutical segment is focused on three core therapeutic areas: immunology, oncology, and neurology. From a geographic perspective, slightly more than half of the company’s total revenue comes from the United States.

Merck & Co., Inc. develops pharmaceutical products across multiple therapeutic areas, including cardiometabolic disorders, oncology, and infectious diseases. In cancer treatment, its immuno-oncology portfolio, led by Keytruda, represents a significant driver of total revenue. The company also maintains a strong vaccines business focused on preventing pediatric illnesses, alongside Gardasil for human papillomavirus. In addition, Merck markets animal health products. Geographically, 47% of the company’s sales come from its U.S. human health segment, which includes pharmaceuticals and vaccines.